Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) is an open-source, vendor-agnostic messaging protocol that provides communication between applications, processes, and components of a system. As a wire-level protocol, AMQP describes the format of the transmitted data, so that any AMQP-compliant tool can generate and interpret messages for any other AMQP-compliant tool.
The OpenStack Application Catalog enables cloud administrators to quickly deploy applications in the required OpenStack environments on-demand. The OpenStack Application Catalog provides a user-friendly web interface, as well as a capability to filter application by a keyword. It also provides an automatic dependency verification to protect cloud administrators from deploying incompatible configurations.
Astute processes are worker processes that Fuel uses to deploy OpenStack environments. The Nailgun service creates a JSON file that contains information about the nodes and their roles and puts this file into the RabbitMQ queue. An Astute worker process then receives this information and deploys the environment by setting the configuration for each node in Cobbler. This same Astute worker process monitors the deployment process, as well as periodically reports the progress to Nailgun through its RabbitMQ queue.
An availability zone is a logical representation of a failure domain within a cloud. Availability zones enable customers to distribute their application components across failure domains as a part of a high availability strategy. Failure Domains are physically demarcated data center space whose services, such as power, connectivity, and cooling, are sufficiently isolated from all other failure domains that should any event which disrupts these services occur that no other failure domains are directly affected. This isolation provides protection against highly localized events, such as fires and internal flooding, but does not protect against events affecting a wider area, such as industrial action, warfare, or natural disasters. Each cloud must be distributed over a minimum of three failure domains interconnected with at least 10 Gb Ethernet networking providing latency of no more than 5 ms. Preferably, latency must be less than or equal to 1ms.